What Is The Purpose To Clamp Or Attach A Dj Stent?

: Admin : 2021-12-22

What is the Urinary system formed of?

The cell is the structural and functional unit of life, responsible for all biological functions within the body of living organisms. Cells form tissues that unite to form organs. Different organs form an organ system. Each system functions independently, coordinating with other systems of the body. The human body functions naturally in harmony when all organ systems regulate various physiological functions. The circulatory system, digestive system, respiratory system and urinary system are four important systems.

Urinary system, formed of two bean-shaped organs called kidneys located in the back of the abdomen on each side of your spine. Each 5-inch long kidney removes waste products from the body, balance body fluids, release hormones that regulate blood pressure, control the production of red blood cells and produce an active form of vitamin D that stimulate strong healthy bones. The ureter is a tube that carries urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder. Two pairs of ureter extend from the kidney to the lower pelvic area. A triangle-shaped hollow organ in the lower part of the abdomen that stores urine is called the urinary bladder. The muscular walls of the bladder expand, relax to store urine and contract to empty the urine into the urethra. The toxic waste is drained out of the body through the urethral opening, thereby maintaining a normal acid-base, electrolyte balance within the body.

What are the diseases of the urinary system?

Kidney stones, ureteric calculi, infections of the urinary tract, cancer or benign growths, incontinence of urine are a few diseased conditions of the urinary system. Pain in the back radiating to the abdomen, difficult micturition, haematuria or ineffectual, frequent desire to pass urine are symptoms of urinary tract diseases. A physician who notes the history investigates the pathology through routine blood tests, urine tests, X-ray, Ultrasound, MRI, CT scan to find the cause of the diseased condition.

Kidney stones, ureteric and bladder stones are common conditions that affect more than 15% of the population globally. An obstruction to the normal passage of urine from the kidneys to the urethra can cause stone formation. Calcium oxalate stones are formed from foods such as spinach, nuts, legumes, beets and wheat bran. Diet having a high content of calcium oxalate or high uric acid such as animal proteins should be avoided by patients who have a tendency to stone formation. Dehydration, obesity, lack of exercise, weight loss surgery, eating excess sugar or salt in food, infections and family history can cause stone formation in the urinary tract.

Kidney stones cause obstruction to the flow of urine. They are either silent or symptomatic causing pain, discomfort and haematuria. A stone between 3 to 5mm in diameter passes through the ureter when an adequate amount of water is needed to flush out through the urinary system. Stones greater in diameter than 12mm are broken down into fragments through surgical treatment procedures. These broken fragments pass down the ureter. Different methods are advised by the physician for the treatment of kidney stones. These methods are specialized, technologically driven procedures that crush kidney stones.

What are different treatment methods for the removal of stone from the urinary tract?

A small size kidney stone flush through the urinary tract by drinking a sufficient amount of water. A urologist decides what treatment is needed, depending upon the size and location of the stone, by studying X-ray, USG and CT scan reports of the patient. A large stone that is stationed within the kidney or blocks the urinary tract is removed through surgical intervention. Shock wave lithotripsy blasts the stone into small particles. These small pieces of stones pass through the ureter and are thrown out of the system via the urethra. Cystoscopy, ureteroscopy and percutaneous nephrolithotomy are treatment methods where stones are viewed through different tools to obtain magnified images on the screen. The patient is given general anaesthesia and the viewing tool is inserted into the kidney through a cut in the back. The stones are then broken down into fragments by laser surgery.

What is DJ STENTING?

A double J stent or a DJ STENT is a small thin flexible, plastic tube placed in the body from kidney to urinary bladder. The lower portion that remains in the bladder is in the form of a J shape. The upper part that is placed in the kidney is also a small loop that helps to fix and retain stent from kidney to urinary bladder. The function of a DJ stent is to dilate the ureter. The broken fragments of stone during lithotripsy or stones that obstruct the urinary tract can be flushed out easily through a dilated ureter once a DJ stent is placed in the body.

What is the purpose to clamp or attach a DJ STENT?

A DJ stent carries out the following functions once it is placed in the urinary tract.

It keeps the ureter dilated all the time.

The DJ stent has multiple holes. A block in the path of urine does not obstruct urine flow. The urine passes from the holes so kidney damage can be prevented.

The ureter gets dilated up to three times so the wider passage is artificially created for larger stones that can be drained out from the urethra from the kidney to the ureter.

A stone formation leads to obstruction of the ureter. A DJ stent prevents strictures, injury to the ureter from damage caused by surgical removal of stone or healing process of stone removal that may narrow the lumen of the ureter.

A DJ stent supports the ureter, works as a duct that flushes the stone out of the system when the patient is in motion during walking or running.

It acts as a channel, a medium to push stones by dilating or making a path for the early removal of stones.

DJ stents are very useful surgical aids. The advantage of using this device is meant as a practical solution for the treatment of stones. Surgical breakdown of stones through shock wave lithotripsy does not drain minute stone particles from the urinary system. A DJ stent anchored from the kidney to the urinary bladder expands the area for stones to flush out through the urinary system.