What Is The Procedure For The Surgery Of Rectum Posterior?

: Admin : 2021-12-03

What is pelvic exenteration?

Cancer is a menace, a dreadful disease-causing detrimental harm to vital organs of the body. An advanced stage carcinoma in any part of the body spreads like a malignant growth reducing the life span of the deceased individual. If cancer is not diagnosed at an early stage, the treatment or its medical intervention and management becomes very difficult. Surgical removal of the growth is the treatment of choice in the third or fourth stage of cancer. An en bloc resection of pelvic organs such as the rectum, bladder, uterus and cervix is termed pelvic exenteration.

Recurrent and advanced rectal cancers are surgically managed by pelvic exenteration by excision of pelvic growths that spread around the rectum. Any malignant cancerous growth that shows metastasis from the gastrointestinal system to distant pelvic structures like the rectum needs a posterior exenteration.

What is the procedure for the surgery?

A health care professional notes every detail of a patients history. The diagnostic tests conclude the extent of spread of the growth that determines its excision.

All medication in the form of multivitamins or anti-inflammatory drugs needs to be stopped two days prior to the surgery being scheduled and the patient is advised liquid intake of diet. The aim of the surgery is to remove central pelvic organs with rectosigmoid junction and lymph nodes thereby creating openings through which urine and stool pass out of the body.

The procedure is done under general anaesthesia. It involves two major stages, the first being removal of the rectum with metastatic lesions and the second stage is reconstruction.

What are the steps during the surgery?

Small incisions are made across the abdomen using a laparoscopy that magnifies all pelvic organs. The tissue with the metastatic growth or tumour is removed with other pelvic organs such as the bladder, rectum and pelvic nodes.

In the reconstruction stage, a urinary diversion is created if the bladder is removed during the surgery. When the rectum and a part of the colon are removed, a colostomy is done to create a way to remove the stool. It may take more than 6 months for patients to recover from a posterior rectal exenteration as it is a critical surgery to save patients from advanced carcinoma of the rectum.